Blueberry cultivation and cultivation techniques

1. Acidic soils with a pH of 4.5 to 5.5 are required for planting blue berries, and this key factor should be given priority when selecting sites. Should choose loose soil, organic matter content is high, there is a source of sunny land. In the acid soil area south of the Yangtze River in China, most of the soil organic matter content is low, the soil is poorly viscous and the drainage is not smooth, and it needs to be properly improved. The height of the blue berry clusters is (1.5-2.0) meters x (1.5-3.0) meters, and the blue-eyed rabbits are (1.5-2.0) meters x (2.5-3.0) meters. Before planting, excavate the planting ditch or planting hole, and mix in mature pine bark, pine needles or sawdust. Planting time is safest before sprouting in early spring, and relatively wet areas in winter can also choose to plant in autumn and winter; planting depth is slightly deeper than in nursery; after planting, organic residues of plants should be used for covering, such as smashed corn poles Pine bark, pine needles, and moss. Coverage is not only conducive to conservation, but also helps prevent weed growth and increase soil organic matter and fertility.
Because the blue berries have poor self-pollination, cross-pollination can significantly increase the yield and quality of blue berries. Therefore, at least two varieties with similar flowering duration should be placed in the planting garden.
2. Fertilizers and irrigation Blue berries have relatively low levels of fertilizer requirements, generally do not fertilize or fertilize when the soil is fertile and organic matter content is high, or follow certain elements missing from soil analysis and leaf analysis results. . If the soil is poor, organic fertilizers and mineral fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are required. It is generally believed that the ratio of three elements of fertilization (nitrogen:phosphorus:potassium) can be 1:2:1. Medium fertility of the soil according to the effective composition, young orchard 4kg per acre nitrogen, phosphorus 8kg, potassium 4kg, afterwards according to the growth of the situation year by year, the effect of increasing production is obvious. Nitrate nitrogen is harmful to blue berries and ammonium nitrogen should be applied. Fertilizer can use different ammonium nitrogen fertilizer according to the pH of the soil. Chloride ions are easily harmed to blue berries, potassium chloride should be prohibited when potassium fertilizer is applied, and potassium sulfate should be applied.
Irrigation in arid areas can greatly increase production. Irrigation in cold areas can also reduce frost damage. The best amount of irrigation is to provide adequate irrigation as far as possible under the condition of ensuring drainage. When there is too much rain, it is necessary to pay attention to drain water in a timely manner to prevent damage.
3. Trimming methods for pruning high blueberry berries and rabbit blueberries are different and must be treated differently. For high blueberry berries, the main purpose of pruning is to adjust the results of the current year and the potential of the next year. The saplings should maintain the balance between the aboveground and the underside and promote the growth of the canopy. The upright growing species can sparse the center. Go to a few branches, open the tree should cut off part of the drooping branches. In the case of more than enough flower buds, the weaker branchlets can be removed and the old branchlets can be renewed.
Rabbit eyes blueberry pruning general principle is to trim should be light. Saplings mainly remove the lower shoots and trim the middle part of the crown to avoid overcrowding. For old trees, it is mainly to prevent the crown from being too high and dense.
4. Plant protection Soil cultivation is a measure to remove turfgrass. However, blue berry roots are shallow and should be ploughed. Use chemical herbicides with caution. Seen from the current planting situation, blue berries have a strong ability to resist pests and diseases, and the damage is not serious under normal circumstances. If no protective measures are taken, the most important loss at present is from bird pests, which can be protected by bird nets during fruit maturation.