Cultivation measures for oyster mushroom cultivation

(A) After the first mushroom of the fungus has been harvested, there will be adverse phenomena such as material panel knots, poor permeability of water, mycelium senescence, and local blackening. This phenomenon is particularly serious after the harvest of the second tidal mushroom. Different strains of bacteria should be used depending on the circumstances. Material panel knots and overly thick bacterial skin can completely scrape off a layer of senescent bacterial skin. Although the bacterial skin is thicker, it is relatively fresh, and a small knife or thick wire can be used to draw many small ditch crosswisely on the surface. Outdoor Yangshuo bacteria bed, after harvesting the 1st ~ 2nd batch of mushrooms, use bamboo rafts to sweep back and forth on the bed surface, cut the surface of a layer of fungus and expose the underlying hyphae; indoor bag cultivation, both ends should be old All mycelium scraped. Regardless of the method used to sterilize the bacteria, the scraped old hyphae must be removed after the fungal infection. The exposed new hyphae should be leveled. Do not spray water prematurely until the mycelium resumes growth and then spray water. The fungus has a significant stimulatory effect on the primordial differentiation. Generally, 7 to 10 days after the fungus grows, mushroom buds appear.
(ii) Earth-covered soil When the mycelium grows through the material, it covers a layer of bed (sand loam soil, vegetable garden soil, and paddy field soil) and is 1cm thick, which generally increases production by 10%. Because the cover soil can reduce the heat and moisture evaporation, it can prevent the material surface from drying. The soil on the cover soil has a bacteriostatic effect. Under the protection of the soil, the hyphae of the surface layer are aged slowly; the soil is protected on the primordium, the primordium is formed in the soil, and the soil is formed. The formation of small mushrooms can avoid the adverse effects caused by the outside world and can reduce dead mushrooms; the soil can also stimulate the mushroom to grow early and provide nutrients to the mushroom mycelium.
(3) Covering plant ash To plant Pleurotus ostreatus in early spring, the temperature is low, mycelium development is slow, and it is easily contaminated by bacteria. If a layer of turfgrass is sprinkled on the surface, due to the strong light absorption and absorption of grass ash, it can strengthen the greenhouse effect of the boring machine and promote the development of mycelium; the ash can also provide certain nutrients for the mycelia; and it can become a way to inhibit the growth of various bacteria. barrier. Early spring sowing is covered with grass ash, which can make the mushrooming period 10 days earlier and increase production by about 20%.
(4) When the hyphae are overgrown, put small stones, bricks, tiles and other heavy objects on the bed surface. Gravity stimulation is applied to the hyphae, and many primordiums will appear around the repression.
(5) Fertilization After harvesting the second batch of mushrooms, especially after winter and summer, the culture materials are severely dehydrated and lack nutrients. Various nutrient solutions can be used to increase production.
1. Commonly used compound fertilizer solution
(1) Urea, citric acid mixture urea 0.5%, citric acid 0.1%, pH adjusted to pH 7 with sodium hydroxide. After the first tidal mushroom was harvested, it could increase production by about 24%. After the second tidal mushroom, the use effect is not good, on the contrary, it will hinder the growth of the oyster mushroom.
(2) 1% sucrose, 1% calcium carbonate, and 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a mixture of sucrose, calcium carbonate, and phosphate. In the mycelial bed full of bacteria, fruit body before use, there is a role in increasing production.
(3) Monosodium glutamate (MSG) and sucrose mixture (1%) and MSG (0.06%). After clearing the mushroom bed, it is sprinkled with heavy water to adjust the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in the medium of the mushroom bed, induce hypha growth, and accelerate mushrooming.
(4) Synthetic nutrient solution Sucrose 1%, calcium carbonate 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, sprayed once before and after the formation of fruiting bodies, has a significant increase in production.
2. Commonly used trace element solution After bud emergence, the following solutions were sprayed: 0.04% magnesium sulfate, 0.04% zinc sulfate, 0.04% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.04% vitamin B1, or mixed zinc sulfate and vitamin b1. Liquid (all 0.04%). It can accelerate the growth of mycelium, the fruit body is mature, the mushroom shape is thick, and the mushroom body is strong.
3. The effect of hormone on the yield increase of Pleurotus ostreatus
(1) Plant Growth Hormone The composite plant growth hormone produced by the Chemical Research Institute of Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province contains a certain proportion of plant hormones, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and various trace elements. Before and after the mushrooming, spraying with 150 times dilution, the differentiation period can be 4 to 5 days in advance, and the increase rate is about one time.
(2) Ethylene is sprayed three times with 50ppm concentration of ethephon in the bud stage, young mushroom stage, and capping stage of the mushroom, each 50mL/m2, which promotes bud emergence and early maturing, and can increase production by about 20%. . Ethephon is a plant hormone. It was discovered in early foreign countries that when the mushroom grows rapidly, the content of ethephon in the fruit body increases. Ethephon can make Mushrooms mature earlier and may be related to the induction and activation of certain related enzymes in the mushroom body.
(3) 2, 4 - D treatment of young fruiting bodies with a concentration of 20ppm can increase the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus by 30% to 40%.
(4) a-naphthylacetic acid, 30 alkanol and fast-acting fertilizer solution with 5ppm a-naphthaleneacetic acid, 0.05ppm and 30-alkanol and 0.05% concentration of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture, in the young mushroom into cap differentiation After cross-spraying, can show the interaction between plant hormones and fast-acting fertilizers, can mature in advance, and hypertrophy handle short, increase production by more than 30%.