Rice Dry Cultivation and Thinning Cultivation Techniques

Mu yield index: 700 kg level, suitable for new and old rice areas.

First, a reasonable selection of collocations

1. Select high-yield, high-quality, disease-resistant, strong tiller, and rice varieties approved by the Autonomous Region Variety Approval Committee. Select 14-16 leaf varieties suitable for the growing period to ensure that they are safe and mature before the August 5th and September 20th. In recent years, rice varieties should be dominated by Ningjing No.16, with some middle-early-maturing varieties being appropriate.

2, must use non-rice, purity of not less than 98%, a degree of purity of not less than 97%, germination rate of not less than 93%, moisture content of not less than 14% of the good species.

Second, timely education and cultivation

1, seedlings standard

Seedlings 29-32 days old, leaf age 3-3.5, seedling height 12-14 cm, base width more than 0.2 cm flat, aboveground shoots weight more than 2 grams.

2, choose a good Yutian

Select fertile soil, light saline, low weeds, close to water sources, convenient irrigation and drainage, convenient transportation, shelter from the sunny field.

3, Putian area

Each hectare of Honda needs to develop 10-12 square meters, and concentrates on growing children.

4, Dianchi specifications

The opening and closing type of the small bower shed is 1.7-1.8 meters wide and the boring bed is 20 centimeters deep. For ease of management, the length of the trampoline is usually 10 meters, and the walkway between the two bowls is 40-50 centimeters wide. Use a width of 1.8 and 0.9 meters of agricultural film.

5, as bed and bed soil preparation

1 bed: small bow shed Yuchi pool in the middle and late March for the pool as a bed, the top surface of the bed surface soil hoeing soil, in early April dry whole rough level, and then put the foot water, after the fine leveling bed soil after laying Perforated plastic film (pore size 4 mm, hole spacing 1414 mm) will be prepared after the uniform nutrition bed soil 2-2.5 cm thick, you can educate.

2 Bunk bed bed and soil preparation: the bed soil should be topped with loose and fertile topsoil, soil texture is sticky, there is no salt and alkali, grass seed and diseased worms or sauerkraut dry land is sieving, and High-quality decomposed swine manure or manure dung is mixed and stacked uniformly in late March in a ratio of 3:1. In early April, crushed chemical fertilizers are used (take a 1.710-meter Dianchi Lake as an example. A 500-600 g diammonium phosphate, 500 g superphosphate, and 600 g ammonium sulfate were overturned in a screened bed of organic fertilizer, and the soil was evenly mixed.

6, seed processing

1 Shaizhong: Spread rice seeds 1-1.5 inches thick for 1-2 days.

2 Seed selection: Select seed with 1:10 specific gravity of salt water to remove pods, grass seeds, and impurities.

3 Disinfection soaking: The selected rice seeds are soaked for 3-5 days (depending on the temperature) with 80% of the "402" pesticide 1500-2000 times.

4 After disinfecting and sucking enough water to remove the seeds, lay them out in a warm place and germinate them. After 80% of the seeds are broken, the seeds can be sown.

7, sowing

1 sowing date: should be based on the early growth of the variety of the childbearing period, generally on April 8 -15 days for seedlings.

2 Seeding capacity: 1000-grain weight of 25-26 grams of the variety, mu sowing volume of 350-400 kg / acre.

3 Trampoline disinfection: The surface of the bed will be leveled after infiltrating the bottom, and 1000 kg of transplanting blending agent will be sprayed for 2 kg per 1 square meter.

4 sowing and earth-covering: The germination seeds are evenly spread on a trampoline, lightly pressed into the soil, and then use the sieved fine moist soil 0.5-0.7 cm to cover the seed tightly, after covering the earth with 50% of the herbicide Dan emulsion 0.4 Mix 100 times of water and spray to control weeds in paddy field, then close the bed and cover the film.

5 Small bow sheds cultivating and inserting bamboo strips, covering the mulch, piling, and crimping mesh belts: Each of the 2.4-meter-long bamboo pieces is inserted into 20 cm into a bow, the arched roof is 50 cm away from the bed surface, and the bamboo spacing is 70 cm. After the rope is fixed, the film can be covered with a bamboo film. The wide film and the narrow film are overlapped by 20cm. The width and width of the agricultural film are stretched and the two meshes of the agricultural film are stretched, the mesh belt is fastened, the film is fixed, and the soil is tightly pressed around.

8, Putian Management

1 The management of sowing to one leaf and one heart is the key to hermetic insulation and moisturizing. Temperature: As long as the temperature in the shed is below 40C, the bow shed should be kept in a confined state. When most of the seedlings have been unearthed, the mulching film must be removed in time. If the temperature exceeds 26 degrees during this period, it should be at 11 am Left and right, there are gaps between the two membranes in the bow shed to split the membrane and cool it down. Moisture: On the basis of pot-planted water, watering should be done five to seven days after sowing, and should be watered on a sunny afternoon.

2 Management before two leaves to transplanting: After the seedling grows to one leaf and one heart, it should be properly cooled. The temperature of one leaf to two leaf and one heart shed should be controlled at about 22-25 degrees, and the temperature should not exceed 29 degrees. During this period, the top film should be opened at 11:30 every day. The top film should be opened uniformly and its size should be considered as the temperature. For high and low, it will be closed at 5 pm every day. The temperature in the two-leaf clover to clover shed should be maintained at about 20 degrees, so that the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse film will be close to each other and closed in the evening; about four days before transplanting, if the weather is normal, There is no cool weather and it is no longer closed at night. For water management, the water shortage in Putian should be filled with water in a timely manner, and the number of irrigations should be reduced as much as possible. Top dressing: When one leaf reaches the second leaf, each pool is sprinkled with 450 kg of ammonium sulfate and 50 kg of water. Four days before the insertion, the water will be chased with the manure, and 450 mg of ammonium sulfate per pool will be sprayed with 50 kg of water.

Third, Pingtian Site Preparation

1. Hirata

In combination with the basic construction of the farmland in the first year of the year, dry land was farmed, and the land was high in padding, and it was not carried out in autumn. The land was to be leveled in time after the end of spring sowing.

2, plowing

After the paddy fields are leveled, a deep plowing operation is carried out, and the plows are ploughed 1-2 times between mid-April and early May. The depth of plowing is about 20 cm. The plows are deeply ploughed to prevent the ploughing of the fields and the construction of the ridges.

3, Soda Field Preparation

2-3 days before inserting, enlarge the water bubble field, and then put the shallow water in the transplanting till the field level, so that the height of the field surface does not exceed 5 cm.

Fourth, timely transplant

1, transplanting period

The average temperature on that day can be inserted through 13 degrees, and it will start from May 8 and end by May 20.

2. Transplanting density and planting specifications

Medium soil fertility should adopt 7.53 (inch) hole spacing, 7-8 seedlings per hole for conventional varieties, 18-200000 basic seedlings per mu, and 8-8.53 (inch) hole spacing for high fertility soils. 6-7 seedlings, 1500-170 million basic seedlings per mu, the number of hybrid rice seedlings can be appropriately reduced, mu-basic seedlings can be 12-13 million.

3, transplanting quality

In order to ensure the quality of rice transplanting, the field should keep the shallow water pulling and transplanting the seedlings when transplanting, so that the straight hole can be evenly distributed, the depth is consistent, the seedlings are not down, and the depth of the seedlings is 2.5-3 cm.

4, make up seedlings

After the seedlings return to green, if there are dead and severe ridges, the seedlings should be promptly filled to strive for Miaoquan, Miao Qi, and Miao uniform.

Fifth, rational fertilization

1. Apply organic fertilizer

Mushi fertilization earthworm 20-25 car, 100-150 kg of refined fertilizer.

2. Fertilizer application amount and fertilization method

Based on the application of farmyard manure, the total amount of fertilizer applied in Mushi: pure nitrogen 15-16.5 kg, phosphorus pentoxide 7.5-8 kg, nitrogen-phosphorus ratio of 1:0.5. The basic nitrogen fertilizer application 40% -45%, topdressing 55% -60%, all the deep application of phosphate fertilizer. Combined with the last arable land, spread 30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 50 kg of superphosphate and plow till in time before ploughing; 7-10 kg of ammonium bicarbonate in front of Mushi Pingtian before plugging (not to diammonium, three materials Phosphate fertilizer can not be used as fertilizer, the amount of ammonium bicarbonate can not be too much, to prevent the impact of turn green), large ear type varieties should pay attention to the late fertilizer, strong seedlings, sub tiller, panicle fertilizer topdressing. On May 25th, after returning green rice, the mu seed-seeding seedlings were urea 5-6 kilograms. Between June 10 and June 15 acres were harvested, 6-7 kilograms of urea fertilizer, and 5-7. 5 kilograms of diammonium, July 10. On the 15th to 15th day, 6.5 kg of urea was harvested by the pan-fertilizer, and 3 kg of urea was traced after the rice was harvested.

Sixth, strengthen rice field management

1, water management

Two-thirds of the deep-water seedlings should be planted in the first three days after transplanting, and flooded seedlings should not be submerged, and then properly dried for three to five days. After 3-5 cm of shallow water is poured, the seedlings will be returned to the green, and will be dried in the early July and early July. Tian 5-7 days, the sun does not sink to the foot of Shimoda, the leaf color is light and light is appropriate, and then resumed the water, booting to full ear (about July 10 to August 5 or so) deepen the water layer. The depth of water is generally 15-20 cm, and the field is 3-4 days after full heading. The grouting is managed with wet and dry water layers, and the water is stopped after September 15.

2, weeding and disease prevention

1 to eliminate field weeds: artificial extraction combined with chemical agents, mu with 60% of dai-oxe EC 150ml or 50% of Zhicao Dan 250 grams mixed with fine damp sand 15 kg, piled stuffy overnight evenly in the scraping The paddy fields are closed before plugging, or after the rice returns to green, the barnyard grass leaf ages at 2 leaves when the mu is sprayed with 250 g of 50% of the herbicide-dried grass and 20 kg of dry rice fields, and the water is reconstituted one day after the spraying and can also be harvested. Use glutinous and strong Zhuang 200ml combined with the second paddy top dressing and urea dosing into the paddy field to control madder. Anti-trickle grass can be used in the late June with 20% dimethyltetrachlorodichloromethane 150-200ml water 30 kg spray. In addition to the administration of pharmaceuticals, the manual extraction from the tillering to the booting was carried out to remove the weeds from the fields and cut the weeds at the same time.

2 Prevent disease in time: Strengthen the field observation of rice blast and find that the incidence must be controlled at the center of the disease. Mu should be sprayed with 40% of Fuji No.1 EC 100ml or 20% of tricyclone 100g with 30kg of water in time, and early in August. After the use of the above method to prevent panicle blast.

Seven, timely harvest

Harvested when late rice is ripe, rice is generally harvested at the end of September and early October.