Soil cultivation technology of cultivation cultivation cotton soil

Shandong Province has more than 200,000 hectares of facility crops cultivated. Through the promotion of soil disinfection technology that promotes 98% of the particulate micronizers, soil disinfection, activation, and rehabilitation of plant diseases and pests in soils of the facility crops have been completed. The efficiency and safety of selected varieties and varieties are also improved. To control the optimization of soil-disease technology combinations to reduce soil-borne diseases by more than 85% and increase production by more than 25%. The utilization rate of soil and fertilizer is increased by more than 30%, and acid and salt ions are reduced by more than 70%. The continuous planting rate of the facility crop cultivation area will reach 100%, and it is expected that the net income will increase by more than 25% per 666.7%.

Technical points

1. Fine site preparation. Before using the tampons, perform deep plowing (about 30cm), and then use the rotary cultivator to hit the ground, so that the soil particles are small and uniform.

2. Maintain soil moisture (60% to 70%). To maintain soil moisture 60% to 70%. In case of continuous sunny weather, the humidity of less than 60% to 70% will need to be poured ahead of time to keep the soil moist. Keep watering for 3 to 4 days (humidity can be done by hand-squeezing soil, and 1 m height can be dissipated after falling off the ground), so that nematodes and pathogens and grass seeds can germinate, and they can be easily killed by the cotton gas. Humidity is too low (below 40%), the pellets of cotton can not be completely decomposed, the humidity is too high (70%) is not conducive to the flow of cotton gas between the soil particles, the soil sticks to the feet, sticky rotary plough, is not conducive to field operations, The effect is poor.

3. Be sure to apply evenly when spraying. Usually, farmers who are accustomed to using soil excrement as base fertilizer must pay attention to, first throwing soil excrements (chickens, ducks, droppings, cows, sheep, etc.) into the shed, and then using a rotary cultivator to evenly beat them once (together with the pathogens in the excrement). Fumigation kills). Spread the cotton loam evenly in the soil, and then use a rotary tiller to beat it again. According to different requirements, the application methods include spreading, furrowing, and application, etc. The required dose is 30 to 50 g/m 2 per 30 cm depth.

The soil-borne diseases and pests are severe when they are used at high doses, while those that use soils are at low doses. In order to avoid the secondary infection of the soil, farmyard manure (chicken manure, etc.) must be added before disinfection, because the principle of extinction of the cotton tallow, so biological fertilizer can not be used simultaneously. Immediately after application, use a rotary tiller to mix the soil to a depth of 25 to 30cm so that the pesticide is in full contact with the soil particles. Use within the greenhouse to ensure that the column and corners are in place. To prevent disinfection is not complete, leaving the trouble.

4. Use the correct plastic sheet. The plastic sheeting covered should not be too thin (some use of plastic film, which is absolutely unnecessary). It is best to use a non-permeable membrane (air impervious) or a plastic film covering more than 4 wires. Immediately after tumbling, soil is covered with an airtight plastic film, and four sides are sealed by a ditching and pressing method (inner pressure soil). Note that the film cannot be damaged. It is better to use a new film to prevent leakage and reduce the disinfection effect. And from the beginning of rotation till the end of the cover film the shorter the better, it is best completed within 2 to 3 hours, reducing the active ingredient volatilization, because the specific gravity of the water of the cotton dragon water decomposition is 0.83, is running from the bottom up, Therefore, plastic film can not be damaged, otherwise it will reduce the efficacy.

5. Maintain a certain coverage time. After coating, according to the temperature, sealed and disinfected 15 to 30 days, not less than 12 days.

6. Ensure that the gas is completely free and ensure no residue damage. Remove the film, loosen the soil with the same depth of 30cm, breathe for more than 7 days, and then take the soil with cabbage or other easily germinable seeds for safe germination test, and then can only be activated and nursed after safety.

7. Soil activation. Select high-level composite biological fungi products, and activate the disinfectant soil before planting the crop. Treat the soil 30 cm deep, leveling, and maintain 70% soil moisture to improve the treatment effect. Immediately after application, use a rotary tiller to mix the soil to a depth of 25 to 30cm so that the pesticide is in full contact with the soil particles. Use within the greenhouse to ensure that the column and corners are in place.

Precautions

1. The best application temperature is above 12°C.

2. Do not use high temperatures during the summer season until 9 o'clock in the morning and after 4 o'clock in the afternoon.

3. Two crops planting areas, before the second crop is planted, should avoid the use of unripe farmyard fertilizers or disinfection or application of organic manure after disinfecting the farmyard manure. Conditional application of lime nitrogen can directly disinfect the soil to ensure The effect of disinfection.